TM55-1500-345-23
Table 8-5. Definitions of Common Painting Terms -- Continued
Definitions
Common Painting Terms
Purity or intensity of color. Degree of freedom from grayness.
Saturation
Undesirable particles which develop in a liquid coating by partial
Seeds
gelation of the vehicle or by agglomeration of pigment particles.
The difference in appearance between colors of similar hue.
Shade
A specular reflectance taken at a low angle, usually 85.
Sheen
The formation of a solid surface layer on a liquid varnish or paint
Skinning
when exposed to air.
A homogeneous liquid mixture, the proportion of whose consti-
Solution
tuents may be varied within certain limits. A solid is said to be in
solution when the molecules of the liquid have exceeded the attrac-
tion of those of the solid.
The term applied to products which dissolve the film forming con-
Solvent
stituents.
The ratio of the weight of an equal volume of a substance to the
Specific Gravity
weight of an equal volume of water at stated temperature.
The area of a surface over which a unit volume of paint will spread;
Spreading Rate
usually expressed in square feet per gallon.
The strength of a pigment is its opacity or tinting power.
Strength
The basis metal.
Substrate
A color produced by mixing a colored material, dye or pigment with
Tint
white pigment or paint.
The coloring power of a given quantity of pigment or paint.
Tinting Strength
A modification of a full-strength color (mass tone) secured by blen-
Tone
ding with other colors.
The ability of a material to take bending, impact, etc. without crack-
Toughness
ing.
The liquid portion of any paint, enamel or lacquer.
Vehicle
8-14
